population density
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A set of 2 map sheets: 1. Togo : densités brutes de population rurale : par trame géométrique régulière (d'après le recensement de 1970 au service de la statistique du Togo). Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1973. 2. Togo : densités pondérées de population rurale : par trame géométrique régulière (d'après le recensement de 1970 au service de la statistique du Togo). Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1973.
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Sea fans (order : Alcyonacea) are the most remarkable and easily identifiable species of the subtidal hard substrate communities (Gili and Ros, 1985). From an ecological point of view, sea fans play an essential role (Gili and Coma, 1998) by increasing the biomass and the diversity of hard substrates (Mitchell et al, 1992; Ballesteros, 2006) via an umbrella species role providing habitat for small epifauna and a refuge for many fish (Ross and Quatrini, 2007). When their density is high enough, they form animal forests (sensu Rossi et al 2017) and become engineering species by modifying the level of turbulence and therefore of sedimentation of propagules in the benthic boundary layer (Chamberlain and Graus, 1975). In the shallow rocky habitats of the Mediterranean, five species of sea fans dominate: the white gorgonian Eunicella singularis (Esper, 1791), the orange gorgonian Leptogorgia sarmentosa (Esper, 1789), the yellow gorgonian Eunicella cavolinii (Koch, 1887), the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826), and the red coral Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758). Some of these species, characterized by long life span, have been included in the management plans of the Gulf of Lion Marine Protected Areas, with surveys for the monitoring of the demographic structure of E. Singularis (Réserve Naturelle Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls, Aire Marine Protégée Agathoise) and C. rubrum (Réserve Naturelle Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls, Parc Marin de la Côte Bleue). In parallel with these management-related surveys, some scientific studies on the demographic structure and ecology of P. clavata, E. singularis and C. rubrum, with the aim of documenting mass mortality events (Cerrano et al. al., 2000, Garrabou et al., 2001) have been undertaken in the Parc Marin de la Côte Bleue, in the Parc National de Port-Cros, along the Côte Vermeille and Cap de Creus coast and in the Cinque Terre National Park (Garrabou and Harmelin, 2002, Torrents et al., 2005 ; Linares et al. 2008 Linares et al., 2010 ; Santangelo et al., 2011; Gori et al., 2011a ; Gori et al. 2011b; Rossi et al., 2008). The present database gathers two extensive inventory of sea fans populations performed between 2013 and 2015 in the Gulf of Lion and between 2018 and 2019 in the Ligurian Sea. The same protocol was applied to estimate the population density of the five species in 585 stations. The 585 stations were defined a priori on a regular mesh mapping the main hard-bottom substrate units of the Gulf of Lion (Côte Bleue, Plateau des Aresquiers, Plateau du Cap d'Agde, Cap Leucate, Côte Vermeille), and surrounding the ports of Toulon, La Spezia and Bastia (Figure 1). The spacing between stations was varied from 100m to 800 m according to bathymetry steepness. Each station was geo-referenced from the surface and located on the sea bed with a mooring. Counts of individuals of the five species were made by scuba divers trained to species identification in four quadrats (1m x 1m), positionned at 5 m from the mooring along the sea bed, in the four cardinal directions. In total, the sampling required 1500 dives. References Ballesteros E. 2006. Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages: a synthesis of present knowledge Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 44, 123-195 Carpine C, Grasshoff M. 1975. Les gorgonaires de la Mediterranee. Bull Inst Oceanogr Monaco 71:1–140 Cerrano, C., Bavestrello G., Bianchi C.N., Cattaneo R. Vietti, S. Bava, C. Morganti, C. Morri, P. Picco, G. Sara S. Schiaparelli S. Siccardi A. & Sponga, F. 2000. A catastrophic mass-mortality episode of gorgonians and other organisms in the Ligurian Sea (Northwestern Mediterranean), summer 1999. Ecology Letters 3: 284–293. Chamberlain J.J. A., Graus, R.R. 1975. Water Flow and Hydromechanical Adaptations of Branched Reef Corals. : Bulletin of Marine Science 25 (1): 112-125 Garrabou J., Perez T., Sartoretto S., Harmelin J.G., 2001. Mass mortality event in red coral Corallium rubrum populations in the Provence region (France, NW Mediterranean). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 217:263–272 Garrabou J., Harmelin G. 2002. A 20-year study on life-history traits of a harvested long-lived temperate coral in the NW Mediterranean: insights into conservation and management needs. J Anim Ecol 71:966–978 Gili, J.M., & Ros, J. 1985. Study and cartography of the benthic communities of the Medes Islands (NE Spain). Marine Ecology 6, 219–238. Gili J.M. and Coma R. 1998. Benthic suspension feeders: their paramount role in littoral marine substrates. TREE 13 (8): 316-321 Gori, A., Rossi, S., Linares, C., Berganzo, E., Orejas, C., Dale, M. & Gili, J.M. 2011a. Size and spatial structure in deep versus shallow populations of the Mediterranean gorgonian Eunicella singularis (Cap de Creus, Northwestern Mediterranean Sea)” Marine Biology, DOI: 10.1007/s00227-011-1686-7 Gori A., Rossi S., Berganzo E., Pretus J.L., Dale M.R.T., Gili J.M. 2011b. Spatial distribution patterns of the gorgonians Eunicella singularis, Paramuricea clavata and Leptogorgia sarmentosa (Cape of Creus, Northwestern Mediterranean Sea). Mar Biol 158:143-158 Linares C, Coma R, Garrabou J, Diaz D, Zabala M. 2008. Size distribution, density and disturbance in two Mediterranean gorgonians: Paramuricea clavata and Eunicella singularis. J Appl Ecol 45:688–699 Linares C., Bianchimani O., Torrents O., Marschal C., Drap P., Garrabou J., 2010. Marine Protected Areas and the conservation of long-lived marine invertebrates : the Mediterranean red coral. Marine Ecology Progress Series 402: 69-79. Mitchell, N. D., Dardeau, M. R., Schroeder,W. W., Benke, A. C. 1992. Secondary production of gorgonian corals in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mar Ecol. Prog. Ser. 87: 275-281 Ross S., Quattrini A. 2007. The fish fauna associated with deep coral banks off the southeastern United States. Deep Sea Research I (54): 975-1007. Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C. 2017. An Overview of the Animal Forests of the World. In book: Marine Animal Forests, pp.1-26. SPRINGER.[DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17001-5_1-1] Santangelo G., Bramanti L., Rossi S., Tsounis G., Vielmini I., Lott C., Gili J.M. 2011. Spatial patterns of variation in recruitment and post-recruitment processes of the Mediterranean precious gorgonian coral Corallium rubrum. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2011.10.030 Torrents O., Garrabou J., Marshal C., Harmelin J.G., 2005. Age and size at first reproduction in the commercially exploited red coral Corallium rubrum (L.) in the Marseilles area (France, NW Mediterranean). Biol Conserv 121: 391–397 Rossi S., Tsounis G., Orejas C., Padrón T., Gili J.M., Bramanti L., Teixidó N. and Gutt J. 2008. Survey of deep-dwelling red coral (Corallium rubrum ) populations at Cap de Creus (NW Mediterranean). Marine Biology 154 (3): 533-545.
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The shapefile represents the administrative divisions of Adjumani district in the North of Uganda as of December 2001. The shapefile divides Adjumani district into 1 county. The county is subdivided into 5 subcounties and one town council. These, in turn have 15 subdivisions that are called parishes. The parishes are further subdivided into 73 villages. We digitized the administrative units from paper maps that we have received from Uganda Bureau of Statistics in Entebbe. The associated population size on village level represents the provisional result of the Uganda census 2002.
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3 mosaics of 3 map sheets: 1. Atlas régional Mandara-Logone : carte repère. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1967. 2. Atlas régional Mandara-Logone : densités. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1967. 3. Atlas régional Mandara-Logone : populations. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1967.
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Administrative divisions of Aringa, Madi, Madi-Okollo, and Terego County as of December 2001, Uganda
The shapefile represents the administrative divisions of Aringa, Madi, Madi-Okollo, and Terego County of Arua district in the North of Uganda as of December 2001. The shapefile subdivides the counties into 7 subcounties. These, in turn have 41 subdivisions that are called parishes. The parishes are further subdivided into 345 villages. We digitized the administrative units from paper maps that we have received from Uganda Bureau of Statistics in Entebbe. The associated population size on village level represents the provisional result of the Uganda census 2002.
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A set of 8 map sheets: 1. Carte 1 : l'eau, 1980 -1990. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 2. Carte 2 : croquis morpho-pédologique. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 3. Carte 3 : répartition de la population recensée, 1987. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 4. Carte 4 : les pêcheurs et la pêche. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 5. Carte 5 : emprise agricole et pastorale. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 6. Carte 6 : communications et marchés. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 7. Carte 7 : l'histoire du peuplement et la structuration du delta. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994. 8. Carte 8 : les changements dans le delta central. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1994.
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A set of 10 map sheets: 1. Cacao - café. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1968. 2. Carte repère. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1969. 3. Cultures industrielles. Scale of 1:1 150 000. Date of publication: 1969. 4. Densités. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1968. 5. Infrastructure. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1968. 6. L'exploitation agricole. Scale of 1:1 150 000. Date of publication: 1969. 7. Le bois : permis d'exploitation et de recherche : 30.6.1967. Scale of 1:1 150 000. Date of publication: 1969. 8. Populations. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1968. 9. Tabac de cape : sud-est et est 2. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1968. 10. Zones homogènes. Scale of 1:1 150 000. Date of publication: 1969.
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A set of 10 map sheets: 1. Carte cynégétique et touristique. Scale of 1:1 000 000. Date of publication: 1975. 2. Carte hydrogéologique du Cameroun : Garoua. Scale of 1:2 000 000 to 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1971. 3. Circonscriptions administratives. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1974. 4. Densité de la population. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1975. 5. Élevage. Scale of 1:1 000 000. Date of publication: 1975. 6. Infrastructure. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1974. 7. Plantes cultivées : A. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1975. 8. Plantes cultivées : B. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1975. 9. Populations. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1974. 10. Utilisation actuelle de l'espace. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1975.
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A set of 10 map sheets: 1. Bouaké : contraintes du site et dynamique de l'habitat. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 2. Bouaké : densification de l'espace loti : taux d'occupation du sol par quartiers. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 3. Bouaké : densité de population par quartiers. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 4. Bouaké : équipements et activités. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 5. Bouaké : étapes de la croissance spatiale. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 6. Bouaké : état foncier : 1978. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 7. Bouaké : l'espace étudié : carte de présentation. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 8. Bouaké : occupation agricole du sol. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 9. Bouaké : taux d'occupation agricole du sol : l'espace péri-urbain. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978. 10. Bouaké : types d'habitats. Scale of 1:30 000. Date of publication: 1978.
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A set of 20 map sheets: 1. Avant la transmigration = Before transmigration = Sebelum masa transmigrasi 1920-1930. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 2. Bourgs et petites villes = Market town and secondary urban centres = Kota dan desa yang berkembang. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 3. Carte de localisation = Reference map = Peta umum. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 4. Données climatiques = Climatic data = Data iklim. Scale of 1:1 000 000. Date of publication: 1989. 5. Evolution de la population = Evolution of the population = Evolusi kependudukann 1980-1986. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 6. Groupes humains : carte de détail = Human groups : detail map = Kelompok suku bangsa : peta terperinci. Scale of 1:250 000. Date of publication: 1989. 7. Groupes humains = Human groups = Kelompok suku bangsa. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 8. Occupation du sol = Land use = Penggunaan tanah 1969. Scale of 1:250 000. Date of publication: 1989. 9. Occupation du sol = Land use = Penggunaan tanah 1980-1985. Scale of 1:250 000. Date of publication: 1987. 10. Peuplement et occupation de l'espace = Settlement and land use = Tahap penyebaran penduduk dan pemukiman daerah 1905-1985. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 11. Population : densité et structures = Density and sructures = kepadatan penduduk dan komposisi kependudukan. Scale of 1:1 000 000. Date of publication: 1989. 12. Propositions d'aménagement régional = Proposals for regional development = Saran untuk pembangunan daerah. Scale of 1:1 600 000. Date of publication: 1989. 13. Répartition de la population = Population distribution = Penyebaran penduduk 1980. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 14. Réseaux d'irrigation et de drainage = Irrigation and drainage networks = Jaringan irigasi dan drainase. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 15. Systèmes de production = Farming systems = Pola usaha tani : Pringsewu. Scale of 1:50 000. Date of publication: 1989. 16. Systèmes de production = Farming systems = Pola usaha tani : Way jepara. Scale of 1:50 000. Date of publication: 1989. 17. Systèmes de production et revenus familiaux = Farming systems and houshold incomes = Pola usaha tani dan pendapatan keluarga. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989. 18. Terroirs et habitat villageois = Rural settlement = Perumahan dan lingkungan desa. Scale of 1:20 000. Date of publication: 1989. 19. Villes relais = Secondary urban centres = Ibukota kabupaten : Metro, Kotabumi. Scale of 1:20 000 to 1:10 000. Date of publication: 1989. 20. Voies de communication et accessibilité = Communication network and accessibility = Kelancaran arus lalulintas dan jaringan perhubungan. Scale of 1:500 000. Date of publication: 1989.