By order of the Ministry of electricity, Yemen (MoE), the spatial distribution of the annual mean wind speed within the whole area of the republic of Yemen was calculated by Lahmeyer International (Germany). The wind speeds are shown at height level of 50 m above ground. The calculations are based on numerical flow simulations with the model KLIMM, originally developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the University of Mainz/Germany (Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., November 1997, Vol.70, No.4, p. 301-317). The three-dimensional atmospheric flow within the topographic terrain is calculated for various distinctive meteorological situations (meteorological scenarios). Apart from the meteorological situation, the calculation procedure takes into account the complex structure of the terrain, i.e. topographic elevation and land-use distribution. For the calculation a numerical grid size of about 250 m (mountainous area) to 1,000 m was used. All results of the scenarios are combined to the representative annual mean wind speed. This is done based on the long-term upper air wind measurement data and data from long-term wind measurements near ground, provided by the NCEP/NCAR database, and data from the Civil Aviation and Meteorological Authority (CAMA). These data are providing the statistical frequency share for each of the individual scenarios. The annual mean wind speeds presented in this map cannot be solely taken as input for a precise energy production calculation.

Location of the wind measurement stations in Mongolia with measurements of the wind speed. The full record covers the period from 2002 to 2012. The data record available through the Global Atlas is an extract which covers the year of 2012. The data was supplied by the Ministry of Energy of Mongolia.

DTU Global Wind Atlas: onshore and 30 km offshore wind climate dataset accounting for high resolution terrain effects. The Global Wind Atlas provides a high resolution wind climatology at 50, 100, 200m hub heights above the surface for the whole world (onshore and 30 km offshore). These layers have been produced using microscale modelling in the Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP) and capture small scale spatial variability of winds speeds due to high resolution orography (terrain elevation), surface roughness and surface roughness change effects. The layers shared through the IRENA Global Atlas are served at 1km spatial resolution. The full Atlas contains data at a higher spatial resolution of 250 m, some of the IRENA Global Atlas tools access this data for aggregated statistics. Original website: http://globalwindatlas.com/ Data quality and validation: The layers have been produced by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Wind Energy (DTU Wind Energy), using state-of-the art scientifically verified models and methods (Report accessible: http://globalwindatlas.com/). This data is classified as POLICY+BUSINESS, according to IRENA’s classification framework for solar and wind resource maps (http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/Global%20Atlas_Data%20_Quality.pdf) - POLICY: The information provided is meant to inform high-level policy debate (identification of opportunity areas for further prospection, preliminary assessment of technical potentials), or to perform market screening (cross referencing the resource information with policy information). It is suitable for decision-making activities, excluding financial commitments. - +BUSINESS: the information provided is a sub-sample of a dataset of better spatial and/or temporal resolution than that available from the Global Atlas, and that of sufficient magnitude to initiate business-related activities, (e.g.,. kilometre (km) or less than a-kilometre, hourly data). Detailed information can be supplied by the owner of the data. - Detailed data quality information: http://globalatlas.irena.org/dqif/DQIF.aspx?datasetid=5039 Terms of use: By using this dataset, the user accepts the following Terms and Conditions: - USE OF THE DATASET: Terms of use of the Global Wind Atlas: http://globalwindatlas.com/ - USE OF THE IRENA GLOBAL ATLAS: Terms of use of the Global Atlas for Renewable Energy shown here: http://irena.masdar.ac.ae/clients/irena/legal.html

DTU Global Wind Atlas: onshore and 30 km offshore wind climate dataset accounting for high resolution terrain effects. The Global Wind Atlas provides a high resolution wind climatology at 50, 100, 200m hub heights above the surface for the whole world (onshore and 30 km offshore). These layers have been produced using microscale modelling in the Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP) and capture small scale spatial variability of winds speeds due to high resolution orography (terrain elevation), surface roughness and surface roughness change effects. The layers shared through the IRENA Global Atlas are served at 1km spatial resolution. The full Atlas contains data at a higher spatial resolution of 250 m, some of the IRENA Global Atlas tools access this data for aggregated statistics. Original website: http://globalwindatlas.com/ Data quality and validation: The layers have been produced by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Wind Energy (DTU Wind Energy), using state-of-the art scientifically verified models and methods (Report accessible: http://globalwindatlas.com/). This data is classified as POLICY+BUSINESS, according to IRENA’s classification framework for solar and wind resource maps (http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/Global%20Atlas_Data%20_Quality.pdf) - POLICY: The information provided is meant to inform high-level policy debate (identification of opportunity areas for further prospection, preliminary assessment of technical potentials), or to perform market screening (cross referencing the resource information with policy information). It is suitable for decision-making activities, excluding financial commitments. - +BUSINESS: the information provided is a sub-sample of a dataset of better spatial and/or temporal resolution than that available from the Global Atlas, and that of sufficient magnitude to initiate business-related activities, (e.g.,. kilometre (km) or less than a-kilometre, hourly data). Detailed information can be supplied by the owner of the data. - Detailed data quality information: http://globalatlas.irena.org/dqif/DQIF.aspx?datasetid=5039 Terms of use: By using this dataset, the user accepts the following Terms and Conditions: - USE OF THE DATASET: Terms of use of the Global Wind Atlas: http://globalwindatlas.com/ - USE OF THE IRENA GLOBAL ATLAS: Terms of use of the Global Atlas for Renewable Energy shown here: http://irena.masdar.ac.ae/clients/irena/legal.html

DTU Global Wind Atlas: onshore and 30 km offshore wind climate dataset accounting for high resolution terrain effects. The Global Wind Atlas provides a high resolution wind climatology at 50, 100, 200m hub heights above the surface for the whole world (onshore and 30 km offshore). These layers have been produced using microscale modelling in the Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP) and capture small scale spatial variability of winds speeds due to high resolution orography (terrain elevation), surface roughness and surface roughness change effects. The layers shared through the IRENA Global Atlas are served at 1km spatial resolution. The full Atlas contains data at a higher spatial resolution of 250 m, some of the IRENA Global Atlas tools access this data for aggregated statistics. Original website: http://globalwindatlas.com/ Data quality and validation: The layers have been produced by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Wind Energy (DTU Wind Energy), using state-of-the art scientifically verified models and methods (Report accessible: http://globalwindatlas.com/). This data is classified as POLICY+BUSINESS, according to IRENA’s classification framework for solar and wind resource maps (http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/Global%20Atlas_Data%20_Quality.pdf) - POLICY: The information provided is meant to inform high-level policy debate (identification of opportunity areas for further prospection, preliminary assessment of technical potentials), or to perform market screening (cross referencing the resource information with policy information). It is suitable for decision-making activities, excluding financial commitments. - +BUSINESS: the information provided is a sub-sample of a dataset of better spatial and/or temporal resolution than that available from the Global Atlas, and that of sufficient magnitude to initiate business-related activities, (e.g.,. kilometre (km) or less than a-kilometre, hourly data). Detailed information can be supplied by the owner of the data. - Detailed data quality information: http://globalatlas.irena.org/dqif/DQIF.aspx?datasetid=5039 Terms of use: By using this dataset, the user accepts the following Terms and Conditions: - USE OF THE DATASET: Terms of use of the Global Wind Atlas: http://globalwindatlas.com/ - USE OF THE IRENA GLOBAL ATLAS: Terms of use of the Global Atlas for Renewable Energy shown here: http://irena.masdar.ac.ae/clients/irena/legal.html

DTU Global Wind Atlas: onshore and 30 km offshore wind climate dataset accounting for high resolution terrain effects. The Global Wind Atlas provides a high resolution wind climatology at 50, 100, 200m hub heights above the surface for the whole world (onshore and 30 km offshore). These layers have been produced using microscale modelling in the Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP) and capture small scale spatial variability of winds speeds due to high resolution orography (terrain elevation), surface roughness and surface roughness change effects. The layers shared through the IRENA Global Atlas are served at 1km spatial resolution. The full Atlas contains data at a higher spatial resolution of 250 m, some of the IRENA Global Atlas tools access this data for aggregated statistics. Original website: http://globalwindatlas.com/ Data quality and validation: The layers have been produced by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Wind Energy (DTU Wind Energy), using state-of-the art scientifically verified models and methods (Report accessible: http://globalwindatlas.com/). This data is classified as POLICY+BUSINESS, according to IRENA’s classification framework for solar and wind resource maps (http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/Global%20Atlas_Data%20_Quality.pdf) - POLICY: The information provided is meant to inform high-level policy debate (identification of opportunity areas for further prospection, preliminary assessment of technical potentials), or to perform market screening (cross referencing the resource information with policy information). It is suitable for decision-making activities, excluding financial commitments. - +BUSINESS: the information provided is a sub-sample of a dataset of better spatial and/or temporal resolution than that available from the Global Atlas, and that of sufficient magnitude to initiate business-related activities, (e.g.,. kilometre (km) or less than a-kilometre, hourly data). Detailed information can be supplied by the owner of the data. - Detailed data quality information: http://globalatlas.irena.org/dqif/DQIF.aspx?datasetid=5039 Terms of use: By using this dataset, the user accepts the following Terms and Conditions: - USE OF THE DATASET: Terms of use of the Global Wind Atlas: http://globalwindatlas.com/ - USE OF THE IRENA GLOBAL ATLAS: Terms of use of the Global Atlas for Renewable Energy shown here: http://irena.masdar.ac.ae/clients/irena/legal.html

DTU Global Wind Atlas: onshore and 30 km offshore wind climate dataset accounting for high resolution terrain effects. The Global Wind Atlas provides a high resolution wind climatology at 50, 100, 200m hub heights above the surface for the whole world (onshore and 30 km offshore). These layers have been produced using microscale modelling in the Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP) and capture small scale spatial variability of winds speeds due to high resolution orography (terrain elevation), surface roughness and surface roughness change effects. The layers shared through the IRENA Global Atlas are served at 1km spatial resolution. The full Atlas contains data at a higher spatial resolution of 250 m, some of the IRENA Global Atlas tools access this data for aggregated statistics. Original website: http://globalwindatlas.com/ Data quality and validation: The layers have been produced by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Wind Energy (DTU Wind Energy), using state-of-the art scientifically verified models and methods (Report accessible: http://globalwindatlas.com/). This data is classified as POLICY+BUSINESS, according to IRENA’s classification framework for solar and wind resource maps (http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/Global%20Atlas_Data%20_Quality.pdf) - POLICY: The information provided is meant to inform high-level policy debate (identification of opportunity areas for further prospection, preliminary assessment of technical potentials), or to perform market screening (cross referencing the resource information with policy information). It is suitable for decision-making activities, excluding financial commitments. - +BUSINESS: the information provided is a sub-sample of a dataset of better spatial and/or temporal resolution than that available from the Global Atlas, and that of sufficient magnitude to initiate business-related activities, (e.g.,. kilometre (km) or less than a-kilometre, hourly data). Detailed information can be supplied by the owner of the data. - Detailed data quality information: http://globalatlas.irena.org/dqif/DQIF.aspx?datasetid=5039 Terms of use: By using this dataset, the user accepts the following Terms and Conditions: - USE OF THE DATASET: Terms of use of the Global Wind Atlas: http://globalwindatlas.com/ - USE OF THE IRENA GLOBAL ATLAS: Terms of use of the Global Atlas for Renewable Energy shown here: http://irena.masdar.ac.ae/clients/irena/legal.html