Variable fluorescence parameters
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The oceanographic data from the Oslofjord at 1 m and 60 m are in the range of a salinity of ~10-34 and a temperature range of -1 to 20 °C. Other sensor data that can be available are Chl-a fluorescence, turbidity, pH and pCO2. The station will give access to the above data for doing research on biogeochemistry and climate. NIVA staff will support via data QC and setup of remote data access.
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SYKE Alg@line project in the Baltic Sea monitors the state of the sea and detects algal blooms. Several millions of data points are collected annually from the Baltic Sea, using a fleet of 5-7 ferries. Two best equipped ferries offered in TNA are m/s Silja Serenade, which travels daily between Helsinki and Stockholm (Sweden) and m/s Finnmaid, which travels approx. twice a week from Helsinki to Travemünde (Germany) and back. Both ferries are equipped with flow-through system with thermosalinograph, chlorohyll, phycocyanin and CDOM fluorometers, turbiditymeter and refrigerated sampling unit providing discrete water samples for laboratory analyses (e.g. microscopy, flowCAM, nutrients, optical analysis, experimental work). Additional sensors e.g. for primary production (FRRF) and light reflectance are used periodically, new sensors for light absorption and pCO2 will be soon implemented. Data can be retrieved in real time using satellite or GSM connection (basic sensors) or downloaded during harbour visits (additional sensors). Alg@line data is available e.g. through MyOcean and has also been delivered to users based on mutual cooperation, including scientific advice. Algaline ships maintained by SYKE host measurement systems from other countries, and periodically they are used as platforms for international short-term studies.
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The National Glider Facility (GNF) is held by DT-INSU. It is installed inside the Mediterranean Ifremer center and is part of the CETSM (European Centre of underwater technologies). GNF started in September 2008. It is manned by 3 engineers and 1 technician and operates 10 gliders. The facility is fully equipped with: a glider ballasting tank, an electronic lab for pre-deployment preparation, servers and communications devices for glider operations. It is linked to the ego-network.org web page offering a collaborative work environment and tools for piloting gliders. The following sensors can be mounted on the gliders: CTD, Oxygen Optode, Fluorimeters (ChlA, CDOM, Phycoerythrine, turbidity), Back scattering (470-880 nm).
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MOLIT is designed for in situ monitoring in large rivers, estuaries and coastal areas. It is used for since many years in the Loire estuary where a two level sampling, surface and 10 m depth, is performed with multiparameter measurements (T, DO, salinity, turbidity, fluorescence). Nevertheless, if needed, the MOLIT hydraulic system can perform sampling at 4 different levels. The whole hydraulic sampling system is protected from bio-fouling by an efficient seawater electrolysis scheme; this bio-fouling protection can be used to protect the tested instruments. The data are available by a wireless communication system or can be stored on board.
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SYKE Alg@line project in the Baltic Sea monitors the state of the sea and detects algal blooms. Several millions of data points are collected annually from the Baltic Sea, using a fleet of 5-7 ferries. Two best equipped ferries offered in TNA are m/s Silja Serenade, which travels daily between Helsinki and Stockholm (Sweden) and m/s Finnmaid, which travels approx. twice a week from Helsinki to Travemünde (Germany) and back. Both ferries are equipped with flow-through system with thermosalinograph, chlorohyll, phycocyanin and CDOM fluorometers, turbiditymeter and refrigerated.sampling unit providing discrete water samples for laboratory analyses (e.g. microscopy, flowCAM, nutrients, optical analysis, experimental work). Additional sensors e.g. for primary production (FRRF) and light reflectance are used periodically, new sensors for light absorption and pCO2 will be soon implemented. Data can be retrieved in real time using satellite or GSM connection (basic sensors) or downloaded during harbour visits (additional sensors). Alg@line data is available e.g. through MyOcean and has also been delivered to users based on mutual cooperation, including scientific advice. Algaline ships maintained by SYKE host measurement systems from other countries, and periodically they are used as platforms for international short-term studies.
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FERRY is installed on the coastal steamer MV Vesterålen measuring T, S, Chlorophyll fluorescence and oxygen permanently as well as 30 individual samples are taken on all roundtrips from Bergen-Kirkenes and back. This roundtrip is repeated every 11 days throughout the year.
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This autonomous platform is deployed at the mouth of the bay of Villefranche-sur-mer, (43°40’54.16”N; 07°19’10.48”E). It is moored over rocky bottom depth of 90 m. As no continental platform is present in this area, this site is under offshore influences, for physical parameters as well as for biological ones. Its equipment comprises: a meteorological station (station Vaisala WXT 520), a winch dedicated to ctd (temperature and salinity at the moment, extension to others sensors in the future) profiles. Core oceanographic parameters (temperature, salinity, fluorescence, dissolved oxygen) are acquired with a SeaBird SBE19 on an hourly basis at a fixed depth (1.5 m). A fixed pH sensor is deployed in a developmental phase of validation.
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NorFerry is composed of three FerryBoxes that are operating in the North Sea, coastal Norway, and the Barents Sea opening. The Ferrybox installation provide the core sensor data from about 4 meters depth of temperature, salinity, Chl-a fluorescence, oxygen and turbidity. Some ships will also provide data on parameters, ocean colour and true wind. Special sampling can be ordered.
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The Research Station at Solbergstrand performs large-scale experiments in marine ecology, sediment research, biogeochemistry, aquaculture and test technology for treating ballast water. The station has fiberglass and concrete seawater pools with volumes ranging from 20 to 550 m³. A number of smaller testing facilities on land and the seabed outside the station have been built to manipulate and control marine ecosystems. The station has 10 laboratories for experimentation and analysis activities, among them an authorized infection lab for fish and a special lab for working with radioactive tracers. Facilities at Solbergstrand covers e.g. hard-bottom and soft-bottom mesocosoms, brackish water systems, seaweed and kelp communities, pelagic communities from the upper water depths and continuous water supply from surface and 60 meter with measurements on temperature and salinity.For surface water additional sensor for Chl-a fluorescence are installed and for 60 m pH and pCO2. Other sensor combinations are available for experiments on request.
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COSYNA (Coastal Observation System for Northern and Arctic Seas) is an operational coastal monitoring, forecasting and information system for the North Sea composed by fixed platforms, FerryBoxes, gliders and HF-radar systems. It is being developed by institutes of the German Marine Research Consortium (KDM) and collaborating institutions and is operated by the HZG Research Centre. The infrastructure represents an investment of 9 M €. It was build up since 2007 and is fully operational since 2012. COSYNA_GL is one of the 2 gliders of the system (TWR Slocum Electric, 100 m) equipped with CTD, Wetlabs ECO puck FLNTU (fluorescence and turbidity) and CDOM fluorescence.