Hydrographic: This is the first version (1.0) of a hydrographic climatology for the region 47 to 65 °N, 15 °W to 15 °E. It contains monthly and yearly mean temperature and salinity data at 179 depth levels on a 0.25° x 0.5° latitude-longitude grid in the period 1890 to 2011. For the calculation of the means all available temperature and salinity data from water sample, CTD, and float measurements in this period were selected from the World Ocean Database 2009, the ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) data base, and the BSH data base, rejecting double stations. The derived data base consisted of about 735,000 stations. The original profiles of temperature and salinity were interpolated on 179 depth levels. There was no interpolation if the gap between two measurements in the original profile was too large. The data were then sorted in 0.25° x 0.5° latitude-longitude boxes. Atmospheric: This is the first version (1.0) of a meteorological climatology for the region 47 to 65 °N, 15 °W to 15 °E. It contains monthly mean air temperature, air pressure, dew point, relative humidity and windspeed data on a 1° x 1° latitude-longitude grid in the period 1950 to 2010. For the calculation of the means all available data from voluntary ship observations and buoys measurements in this period provided quality controlled by the DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst) were taken. Data citations: Hydrographic: Manfred Bersch, Viktor Gouretski, Remon Sadikni (2013): The hydrographic climatology of the North Sea and surrounding regions, Centre for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg Atmospheric: Remon Sadikni, Manfred Bersch, Annika Jahnke-Bornemann (2013): The meteorolgical climatology of the North Sea and surrounding regions, Centre for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg

KLIWAS Climatology of Sea Surface Temperature and Ocean Colour Fronts in the North Sea. This is the first version (1.0) of a climatology for Sea Surface Temperature and Ocean Colour Fronts for the region: 47 to 63 °N, 16 °W to 15 °E (Standard-Grid AATSR, MERIS and MODIS) 48 to 63 °N, 11 °W to 17 °E (Standard-Grid AVHRR) It contains the multi-annual, multi-seasonal, and multi-monthly means of the gradient magnitude and of the gradient vector (magnitude and direction) for a frontal zone as well as the number of observations, the number of observations of frontal zone over a defined time interval and the probability of a front observation. The development of an algorithm which automatically detects frontal positions and gradients from satellite data was driven by the need to establish a climatology for oceanographic fronts in the North. GRADHIST is a new algorithm for the detection and mapping of oceanic fronts, which is based on a combination and refinement of the gradient algorithm of Canny (1986) and the histogram algorithm of Cayula and Cornillon (1992). GRADHIST preserves the main principles of both algorithms, improves the quality of front detection and can be applied to various ocean parameters as well as to different sensors. GRADHIST has been validated using both synthetic and real data and applied to sea surface temperature and ocean colour parameters retrieved from satellite data. After the algorithm has been validated and tested the satellite data have been processed to compute the gradient magnitude and gradient direction. Based on these two parameters the temporal statistic has been derived which include the calculation of a set of statistical measures for SST and Ocean Colour front products.