The two platforms IAOOS 23 and IAOOS 24 were deployed within 600 m from each other at the North Pole from the Russia-operated Barneo ice camp on April 12, 2017. They followed a meandering trajectory, reaching as far as 30°E in the Nansen Basin, before turning back to the western Fram Strait. On both IAOOS 23 and 24, the ocean profiler was a PROVOR SPI (from French manufacturer NKE) equipped with a Seabird SBE41 CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) and a dissolved oxygen (DO) Aandera 4330 optode. For the first time, the profiler on IAOOS 23 also carried biogeochemical sensors. It featured a bio-optics sensor suite and a submersible ultraviolet nitrate analyzer (SUNA, Satlantic-Seabird Inc.). The bio-optics sensor suite (called Pack Rem A) combines a three-optical-sensor instrument (ECO Triplet, WET Labs Inc.) and a multispectral radiometer (OCR-504, Satlantic Inc.). The present dataset is composed of CTD-DO data from IAOOS 23 and 24, corrected from the thermal lag and the sensor lag, despiked and interpolated vertically every 0.5 m. It also comprises nitrate concentrations from the SUNA and CDOM fluorescence from the WETLabs ECO sensor on IAOOS 23. Other biogeochemical data will be added to this dataset. The profilers were set to perform two upward profiles a day from 250 m (IAOOS 23) and 350 m (IAOOS 24) upward starting at approximately 6 am and 6 pm. They provided a unique 8-month long dataset, gathering a total of 793 profiles of the temperature, salinity and oxygen (upper 350m) and 427 profiles of CDOM and nitrates concentrations (upper 250m).  

The mooring was deployed on 15 September 2017 from Norwegian Research Vessel Lance at 80.6°N and 7.26°E (depth of 730 m) in the Yermak Pass over the Yermak Plateau north of Svalbard. It comprised 3 instruments: an upward-looking RDI 75kHz, a Long Ranger Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) at 340 m with 16 m vertical resolution (25 bins of 16 m each) and a 2-hour sampling time; a Seabird SBE37 measuring temperature, salinity and pressure at 348 m with 10-minute sampling time; and an Aquadopp current meter at 645 m with a 2-hour sampling time. The mooring was retrieved on the 19 July 2020 by Norwegian Icebreaker K.V. Svalbard. The present dataset features: The ADCP 50-hour high pass filtered velocities and  the Aquadopp 50-hour high pass filtered velocities.

Bathymetry grid, with a pixel resolution of 10 m, from bathymetry data acquired during the 2010 Bathysaintes cruise (https://doi.org/10.17600/10030020). Data were controlled and processed with the Ifremer Caraibes software.

Data of parameters presented as figures in the manuscript: Biogenic silica (BSi: µmol.L-1), Lithogenic silicon (LSi: µmol.L-1), Total Chlorophyll a (TChla: mg.m-3) and Fucoxanthin (Fuco: mg.m-3). Note that: - Total fraction for BSi and LSi is available from Niskin bottles (> 0.8 µm) and in situ pumps (> 0.45 µm); - Size-fractions for BSi and LSi is available from in situ pumps only (5-53 µm; > 53 µm); - Total fraction for TChla and Fuco is available from Niskin bottles (> 0.7 µm). - Integrated data (0-200 m) is available from Niskin Bottles. Acronym explanations: - Sampling type: ISP = In Situ Pump; ISP-SF = In Situ Pump with Size-Fraction; NSK = Niskin. - Method used for BSi and LSi computation: NOC = No Correction applied; RAG = Correction using the method used from the protocol established by Ragueneau et al. (2005); ACR = Average Crustal Ratio method used when one of the criterion from the protocol established by Ragueneau et al. (2005) is not respected. - bdl = Below Detection Limit For further explanations in the method, should you please refer to the Material and Methods section in the manuscript (revised version submitted in Marine Chemistry).

The present dataset is based on a nine site study of fine seabed topography in intertidal zones. Four coral sites (Maupiti A, B and C and Niau islands) and five rocky sites (Ars en Ré, Socoa, Parlementia A and B and Banneg island) have been explored. The data has been gathered using on-foot GNSS RTK for all sites (Trimble R8/R8S and Leica sytems) except Banneg island, where aerial Lidar data from Litto3D program has been used. The horizontal resolution varies between 3.8 and 12cm allowing to describe a wide range of spatial scales (generally over 3 spectral decades). The data has been processed to explore the statistical and spectral metrics which can be used to characterize the architectural complexity of seabeds.

The present database is composed of a polygon shape file (.shp) dedicated to GIS applications. This seafloor surface represents the area within which (sub-)outcropping methane derived authigenic carbonates were identified based on ship-borne multibeam bathymetry and seafloor backscatter data; as displayed in Figs. 4 and S1a of Dupré et al. 2020 (Dupré S, Loubrieu B, Pierre C, Scalabrin C, Guérin C, Ehrhold A, Ogor A, Gautier E, Ruffine L, Biville R, Saout J, Breton C, Floodpage J, Lescanne M (2020) The Aquitaine Shelf Edge (Bay of Biscay): A Primary Outlet for Microbial Methane Release. Geophysical Research Letters 47 (7):e2019GL084561. doi:10.1029/2019gl084561). The presence of (sub-)outcropping methane-derived authigenic carbonates at the seafloor was confirmed by remotely-operated-vehicle dives during the GAZCOGNE2 marine expedition. The acoustic data were acquired in 2013 on board the R/V Le Suroît during the GAZCOGNE1 expedition with two ship-borne multibeam echosounders, the Kongsberg EM302 and EM2040, with transmission frequency of 30 and 200 kHz, respectively. Details on multibeam data acquisition, processing and interpretation of sub-outcropping methane-derived authigenic carbonate structures are presented in Dupré et al 2020 (including a Supporting Information section). Cited from Dupré et al 2020: “The carbonates are exclusively located along the shelf edge with the majority (98%) between 140 and 220 m water depths. The (sub-)outcropping carbonates are spread over a 375 km2 area that extends over a distance of 80 km between the Cap Ferret and Capbreton canyons. The western spatial limit of the methane-derived authigenic carbonates coincides with the shelf break.”

 This seismic dataset came from surveys carried out by the “Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer” (IUEM, UBO) and the Ifremer, on the Iroise Sea platform, (Western Brittany, France).  Two main files are provided here:  -The first one is composed of the 10 seismic profiles described in the article "Long term evolution of deep banner banks offshore Western Brittany (Iroise Sea, France): indications of a paleo-coast line and of the interaction between hydrodynamics and seafloor morphology", with tiff and SEG Y / NAV data. The second is composed of SEGY files over the whole platform from several research cruises (GEOBREST (11, 12, 13, 14,15, 19), SpeeDunes, Bankable, SABASETI). .Nav files are the XY coordinates of each seismic line. For each SEGY fil there is both a non-corrected and a corrected version (name of the file finishing by PRC).Each data file is accompanied by other files with the same name (for example .GEO .PRM ...) that are necessary to open the corrected version.  An integrated approach combining seismic, bathymetry and sediment analyses acquired over the last 10 years aims to understand the main factors driving the sand banks growth and internal architecture, as well as their anchoring and stability at a depth of almost -100m since the last deglaciation.

The Eiffel Tower active hydrothermal chimney is a major edifice investigated in deep-sea vent ecology at the Lucky Strike hydrothermal field (~ -1700 m), along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (37.3°N, 32.3°W). This edifice, raising ~20 m over the surrounding seafloor, is associated with black smoker fluids flowing at >300°C as well as diffusion areas colonized by large Bathymodiolus azoricus mussel assemblages and microbial mats. This vent edifice was surveyed with vertical overlapping transects by ROV Victor6000 using an HD camera during the MoMARSAT2018 cruise. This dataset is part of a larger temporal series performed with other 3D reconstructions at the Eiffel Tower hydrothermal edifice that was used to investigate temporal dynamics of the edifice topography and the vent assemblages (Van Audenhaege et al. in prep.; see section "Note").

The Eiffel Tower active hydrothermal chimney is a major edifice investigated in deep-sea vent ecology at the Lucky Strike hydrothermal field (~ -1700 m), along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (37.3°N, 32.3°W). This edifice, raising ~20 m over the surrounding seafloor, is associated with black smoker fluids flowing at >300°C as well as diffusion areas colonized by large Bathymodiolus azoricus mussel assemblages and microbial mats. This vent edifice was surveyed with vertical overlapping transects by ROV Victor6000 using an HD camera during the MoMARSAT2020 cruise. This dataset is part of a larger temporal series performed with other 3D reconstructions at the Eiffel Tower hydrothermal edifice that was used to investigate temporal dynamics of the edifice topography and the vent assemblages (Van Audenhaege et al. in prep.; see section "Note").

A MBES acoustic coverage of the PE-1 segment of the SWIR (South West Indian Ridge), more specifically in the vicinity of the dredge 5 location of the SWIFT cruise (2001), was carried out during the SWINGS cruise (https://doi.org/10.17600/18001925) with the French research vessel Marion Dufresne in 2021. SWINGS data were acquired with the hull-mounted multibeam echosounder Kongsberg EM122 12 kHz using an optimised configuration for bathymetry data collection: vessel speed of 5 knots, dual swath, CW signal and an angular opening of 120°. Acoustic data were processed with GLOBE software (https://doi.org/10.17882/70460) to provide a high-resolution bathymetry map (grid resolution of 15 m).