A MBES acoustic coverage of the PE-1 segment of the SWIR (South West Indian Ridge), more specifically in the vicinity of the dredge 5 location of the SWIFT cruise (2001), was carried out during the SWINGS cruise (https://doi.org/10.17600/18001925) with the French research vessel Marion Dufresne in 2021. SWINGS data were acquired with the hull-mounted multibeam echosounder Kongsberg EM122 12 kHz using an optimised configuration for bathymetry data collection: vessel speed of 5 knots, dual swath, CW signal and an angular opening of 120°. Acoustic data were processed with GLOBE software (https://doi.org/10.17882/70460) to provide a high-resolution bathymetry map (grid resolution of 15 m).

IAOOS14, IAOOS15 and IAOOS25 were deployed from the Korean Icebreaker R/V Araon during cruises in the northern Chukchi Sea. IAOOS14 and IAOOS15 were deployed 300 m apart on the same floe on 12 August 2015 in the Makarov Basin (80.8°N;173°E) and they drifted together remaining always less than 6 km apart. IAOOS25 was deployed on 15 August 2017 south-west Mendeleev Ridge (77.7°N;180°E) and drifted westward to the continental slope of the East Siberian Sea. IAOOS14 and IAOOS25 stopped transmitting on 9 October 2015 and 19 November 2017 respectively, likely due to the loss of their profilers while crossing relatively shallow bathymetry. IAOOS15 dataset ends in 15 October 2015. Ocean profilers were PROVOR SPI (from French manufacturer NKE) equipped with a Seabird SBE41 CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) and a dissolved oxygen (DO) Aandera 4330 optode. The profilers were set to perform two upward profiles a day from 800 m (IAOOS 14), 300 m (IAOOS 15) and 420 m (IAOOS 25), upward starting at approximately 6 am and 6 pm. The present dataset is composed of CTD-DO data from IAOOS 14 and 15, and CTD data from IAOOS 25 in the Makarov Basin, corrected from salinity errors and interpolated vertically every 0.5 m.

These bathymetric data were produced using the interferometric side-scan sonar onboard the Haliotis Research Vessel, Operated by Genavir, for the French Oceanographic Fleet, in October 2022, during the oceanographic campaign HISOPE (l'Haliotis pour l’Imagerie Sismique d’Orbetello et Pyrgi Etrusques). The investigated area is located in front of the tombolo di Feniglia, in the Gulf of Porto Ercole. The goal of the campaign was to image the sedimentary architecture of the Tombolo di Feniglia Acquisition took place from October 1st to October 6th 2022. Data were acquired by eng. Quentin Layahe, Genavir, onboard the Haliotis, piloted by Serge Garcia, and post-processed using the software Globe, developed by the IFREMER, by Dr.Gilles Brocard (Archéorient, University of Lyon 2, France) and Alessandro Conforti, research engineer at the CNR (Italian national center for research) at Orosi, Sardinia.

The Eiffel Tower active hydrothermal chimney is a major edifice investigated in deep-sea vent ecology at the Lucky Strike hydrothermal field (~ -1700 m), along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (37.3°N, 32.3°W). This edifice, raising ~20 m over the surrounding seafloor, is associated with black smoker fluids flowing at >300°C as well as diffusion areas colonized by large Bathymodiolus azoricus mussel assemblages and microbial mats. This vent edifice was surveyed with vertical overlapping transects by ROV Victor6000 using an HD camera during the MoMARSAT2020 cruise. This dataset is part of a larger temporal series performed with other 3D reconstructions at the Eiffel Tower hydrothermal edifice that was used to investigate temporal dynamics of the edifice topography and the vent assemblages (Van Audenhaege et al. in prep.; see section "Note").

 This seismic dataset came from surveys carried out by the “Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer” (IUEM, UBO) and the Ifremer, on the Iroise Sea platform, (Western Brittany, France).  Two main files are provided here:  -The first one is composed of the 10 seismic profiles described in the article "Long term evolution of deep banner banks offshore Western Brittany (Iroise Sea, France): indications of a paleo-coast line and of the interaction between hydrodynamics and seafloor morphology", with tiff and SEG Y / NAV data. The second is composed of SEGY files over the whole platform from several research cruises (GEOBREST (11, 12, 13, 14,15, 19), SpeeDunes, Bankable, SABASETI). .Nav files are the XY coordinates of each seismic line. For each SEGY fil there is both a non-corrected and a corrected version (name of the file finishing by PRC).Each data file is accompanied by other files with the same name (for example .GEO .PRM ...) that are necessary to open the corrected version.  An integrated approach combining seismic, bathymetry and sediment analyses acquired over the last 10 years aims to understand the main factors driving the sand banks growth and internal architecture, as well as their anchoring and stability at a depth of almost -100m since the last deglaciation.

The mooring was deployed on 15 September 2017 from Norwegian Research Vessel Lance at 80.6°N and 7.26°E (depth of 730 m) in the Yermak Pass over the Yermak Plateau north of Svalbard. It comprised 3 instruments: an upward-looking RDI 75kHz, a Long Ranger Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) at 340 m with 16 m vertical resolution (25 bins of 16 m each) and a 2-hour sampling time; a Seabird SBE37 measuring temperature, salinity and pressure at 348 m with 10-minute sampling time; and an Aquadopp current meter at 645 m with a 2-hour sampling time. The mooring was retrieved on the 19 July 2020 by Norwegian Icebreaker K.V. Svalbard. The present dataset features: (i) the ADCP 50-hour smoothed daily velocities, conservative temperature and pressure time series interpolated every 10 meters within the 20-330m layer, (ii) the Aquadopp 50-hour smoothed daily velocities and pressure time series at 645 m; and (iii) the SBE37 50-hour smoothed daily conservative temperature, absolute salinity and pressure time series at 348 m.

The Western Mediterranean Sea is a natural laboratory to address questions about the formation and evolution of continental margins and the relationship between surface and deep processes. The evaporites deposited during the late Miocene’s Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) strongly impact its sedimentological and geomorphological evolution. Hereafter, we present a compilation of some of the main regional seismic stratigraphic markers throughout the Western Mediterranean Sea. We provide in xyz format (z in second twt) the original, not interpolated, points interpretation of the following horizons: i) Acoustic basement, ii) Base and Top of the MSC salt, also known as Mobile Unit (MU), iii) base Pliocene and iv) Seafloor. The available reflection seismic dataset, coming from a collaboration between French, Spanish, Algerian and Italian research institutes, covers most of the Western Mediterranean sub-basins with the exception of the Ligurian Basin. This compilation is currently the most comprehensive and updated available in literature and provides a useful contribution to the scientific community working in sedimentary, tectonics and geodynamics studies in the Western Mediterranean Sea.

Data of parameters presented as figures in the manuscript: Biogenic silica (BSi: µmol.L-1), Lithogenic silicon (LSi: µmol.L-1), Total Chlorophyll a (TChla: mg.m-3) and Fucoxanthin (Fuco: mg.m-3). Note that: - Total fraction for BSi and LSi is available from Niskin bottles (> 0.8 µm) and in situ pumps (> 0.45 µm); - Size-fractions for BSi and LSi is available from in situ pumps only (5-53 µm; > 53 µm); - Total fraction for TChla and Fuco is available from Niskin bottles (> 0.7 µm). - Integrated data (0-200 m) is available from Niskin Bottles. Acronym explanations: - Sampling type: ISP = In Situ Pump; ISP-SF = In Situ Pump with Size-Fraction; NSK = Niskin. - Method used for BSi and LSi computation: NOC = No Correction applied; RAG = Correction using the method used from the protocol established by Ragueneau et al. (2005); ACR = Average Crustal Ratio method used when one of the criterion from the protocol established by Ragueneau et al. (2005) is not respected. - bdl = Below Detection Limit For further explanations in the method, should you please refer to the Material and Methods section in the manuscript (revised version submitted in Marine Chemistry).

The mooring was deployed on 15 September 2017 from Norwegian Research Vessel Lance at 80.6°N and 7.26°E (depth of 730 m) in the Yermak Pass over the Yermak Plateau north of Svalbard. It comprised 3 instruments: an upward-looking RDI 75kHz, a Long Ranger Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) at 340 m with 16 m vertical resolution (25 bins of 16 m each) and a 2-hour sampling time; a Seabird SBE37 measuring temperature, salinity and pressure at 348 m with 10-minute sampling time; and an Aquadopp current meter at 645 m with a 2-hour sampling time. The mooring was retrieved on the 19 July 2020 by Norwegian Icebreaker K.V. Svalbard. The present dataset features: The ADCP 50-hour high pass filtered velocities and  the Aquadopp 50-hour high pass filtered velocities.

The Eiffel Tower active hydrothermal chimney is a major edifice investigated in deep-sea vent ecology at the Lucky Strike hydrothermal field (~ -1700 m), along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (37.3°N, 32.3°W). This edifice, raising ~20 m over the surrounding seafloor, is associated with black smoker fluids flowing at >300°C as well as diffusion areas colonized by large Bathymodiolus azoricus mussel assemblages and microbial mats. This vent edifice was surveyed with vertical overlapping transects by ROV Victor6000 using an HD camera during the MoMARSAT2018 cruise. This dataset is part of a larger temporal series performed with other 3D reconstructions at the Eiffel Tower hydrothermal edifice that was used to investigate temporal dynamics of the edifice topography and the vent assemblages (Van Audenhaege et al. in prep.; see section "Note").